install-ubuntu-with-win10

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发布日期:   2017-11-15
更新日期:   2024-10-15
文章字数:   1.3k
阅读时长:   6 分
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使用ubuntu和win10双系统

why ubuntu

  1. 没钱买mac
  2. win下的命令行还是太弱了

let’s go

  1. ubuntu

  2. u盘启动制作

  3. 插入u盘 按如下设置
    setting

  4. 重启电脑然后选择从u盘启动
    我选择的是 install ubuntu alongside windows

一些设置

开机默认启动windows

双系统时间同步

常用软件

ubuntu 中安装软件的方法

  1. apt
1. 普通安装：apt-get install softname1 softname2 …;
2. 修复安装：apt-get -f install softname1 softname2... ;
(-f Atemp to correct broken dependencies)
3. 重新安装：apt-get --reinstall install softname1 softname2...;

清理

安装&卸载软件

.deb

sudo dpkg -i XXX.deb # XXX为该deb包的文件名
#如果出现错误则安装依赖
apt-get install -f

自动清除残留配置文件

sudo apt-get autoclean 
sudo apt-get autoremove

完全卸载

sudo apt-get remove --purge name

使用dpkg卸载

sudo dpkg -r packagename # 如果不知道packagename 可以用 sudo dpkg -i xxx.deb 查询

解压tar.gz文件

tar -xzvf file.tar.gz

参考 https://zhuanlan.zhihu.com/p/27187622

解压zip

sudo apt install unar
unar your-zip

更多命令行的内容可以参考我的另一篇博客Post not found: linux-notes

安装搜狗输入法

安装步骤参考

装chrome

步骤参考

必要组件

参考
开机启动参考
开机设置路径备份 /etc/systemd/system/shadowsocks.service
proxy设置
电源->system settings->network

视频播放软件 vlc

截图 shutter

sudo apt install shutter

gimp

linux 下的ps

albert

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:nilarimogard/webupd8
sudo apt update
sudo apt install albert

# 设置开机自动启动
ln -s /usr/share/applications/albert.desktop ~/.config/autostart/

美化/主题：Unity Tweak Tool

网易云音乐

官网下载.deb即可
如果用命令装的时候不行的话记得换源

terminator

常用快捷键 官方文档

  • 上下分屏=>c+s+o,左右分屏=>c+s+e
  • 关闭一个窗口或分屏=>c+s+w,退出终端=>c+s+q
  • 控制窗口大小 快捷式：c+s+ ←↑↓→,切换窗口c+tab 窗口最大化=> F11
  • Move to the terminal above the current one: Alt + ↑
  • Move to the terminal below the current one: Alt + ↓
  • Move to the terminal left of the current one: Alt + ←
  • Move to the terminal right of the current one: Alt + →

自定义打开时的位置和大小

  1. 打开terminator 调节好大小后输入
xwininfo

  1. 选择当前窗口后 复制最后一行 -geometry 891x528+395+319

  2. 打开system settings->keyboard->shortcuts->custom shortcuts-> +
    command中加入

terminator --geometry 891x528+395+319
  1. 点击disable 设置快捷键 ctrl+alt+t

有道词典

iSearch

单词查询 例: s sun

zeal

vscode

Jetbrains

tar xxx.tar.gz
cd xxx
sudo chmod a=+rx bin/idea.sh
sudo bin/idea.sh

vscode

sudo apt install ~/path/to/code_1.XXX.deb

java

sudo add-apt-repository ppa:webupd8team/java
sudo apt update; sudo apt install oracle-java8-installer  # You may replace oracle-java8-installer with oracle-java9-installer to install Java 9. 
java -version #check version
sudo apt install oracle-java8-set-default # For Java 9, install the package oracle-java9-set-default instead

换源

# 备份一下
sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.bak
# 修改
sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.list

替换为以下

# deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 16.04 LTS _Xenial Xerus_ - Release amd64 (20160420.1)]/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu xenial main restricted #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-updates multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-backports main restricted universe multiverse #Added by software-properties
deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu xenial partner
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security main restricted multiverse universe #Added by software-properties
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security universe
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ xenial-security multiverse

安装字体

Monaco

#!/bin/bash

#script extraido de: http://paulocassiano.wordpress.com/2008/08/29/deixando-o-gedit-com-a-cara-do-textmate/
#tip for better "resolution" here: http://blog.siverti.com.br/2008/05/22/fonte-monaco-no-ubuntugedit/

cd /usr/share/fonts/truetype/

#TODO: put validation if folder already exists
sudo mkdir ttf-monaco

cd ttf-monaco/

sudo wget http://www.gringod.com/wp-upload/software/Fonts/Monaco_Linux.ttf

#create an index of X font files in a directory
sudo mkfontdir

#go to parent folder /usr/share/fonts/truetype
cd ..

fc-cache

使用简体中文

方法一：可以修改系统文字为中文

方法二：既要使用英文作为系统字体 又要显示简体汉字
参考

简单来说就是修改/etc/fonts/conf.avail/64-language-selector-prefer.conf

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
	<alias>
		<family>sans-serif</family>
		<prefer>
			<family>Noto Sans CJK JP</family>
			<family>Noto Sans CJK SC</family>
			<family>Noto Sans CJK TC</family>
		</prefer>
	</alias>
	<alias>
		<family>monospace</family>
		<prefer>
			<family>Noto Sans Mono CJK JP</family>
				<family>Noto Sans Mono CJK SC</family>
			<family>Noto Sans Mono CJK TC</family>
		</prefer>
	</alias>
</fontconfig>

改为以下即可

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE fontconfig SYSTEM "fonts.dtd">
<fontconfig>
	<alias>
		<family>sans-serif</family>
		<prefer>
			<family>Noto Sans Mono CJK SC</family>
			<family>Noto Sans Mono CJK TC</family>
<family>Noto Sans Mono CJK JP</family>
		</prefer>
	</alias>
	<alias>
		<family>monospace</family>
		<prefer>
			<family>Noto Sans Mono CJK SC</family>
			<family>Noto Sans Mono CJK TC</family>
			<family>Noto Sans Mono CJK JP</family>
		</prefer>
	</alias>
</fontconfig>
文章作者: losss
文章链接: http://stdiolosss.com/2017/11/15/cn/install-ubuntu-with-win10/
版权声明: 本博客所有文章除特別声明外，均采用 CC BY 4.0 许可协议。转载请注明来源 losss !
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